Fig. 4

Hazard ratios for comorbid coeliac disease in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) compared to references. Conditional Cox proportional hazard regression models were used for the calculation of hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for coeliac disease within the first 7 years after JIA diagnosis. In all analyses, the individuals in the JIA cohort were compared to age- and sex matched references without JIA. Associations with coeliac disease were calculated in the four subgroups; individuals belonging to antinuclear antibodies (ANA) positive JIA, ANA negative JIA, ANA positive JIA with onset before the age of six, and JIA with treatment with any disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) within the following calendar year after JIA diagnosis. The bars illustrate the 95% CIs with markers for HR. Number of individuals with comorbid coeliac disease in the different analyses were in the JIA cohort; 7 in the total cohort, 6 in the female subgroup, 5 in the ANA positive subgroup, 2 in the ANA negative subgroup, 3 in the subgroup of ANA positive disease with onset before the age of six, and 4 in the subgroup treated with any DMARD. Corresponding numbers were in the reference population; 6 in the total cohort, 5 in the female subgroup, 3 in the reference subgroup to ANA positive disease, 3 in the reference subgroup to ANA negative disease, 3 in the reference subgroup to ANA positive disease with onset before the age of six, and 2 in the reference subgroup to treatment with any DMARD. Data on coeliac disease in males is not presented as there were too few events (n = 2) for this subgroup analysis. Significant differences were found in the total JIA population, females and in the subgroups ANA positive JIA and JIA with DMARD treatment