Table 1 Demographics, clinical findings, laboratory results, treatments and side effects observed in the study groups

Age (years) mean ± SD

14.93 ± 1.79

30.54 ± 9.01

Sex:

Male

Female

BMI median (min-max)

Disease duration in month median (min-max)

8 (27.6%)

21 (72.6%)

22. 27 (14.22–45.2)

12 (6–30)

4 (11.4%)

31 (88.6%)

25.42 (18.61–33.06)

24 (6–84)

Clinical findings N (%)

Hypertension

Malar rash

Oral ulcer

Alopecia

Photosensitivity

Arthritis

Myalgia

Pleurisy

Neurological symptoms

Carditis

LN class III

LN class IV

Flare

5 (17.2%)

7 (24.1%)

7 (24.1%)

7 (24.1%)

1 (3.4%)

1 (3.4%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

13(44.8%)

16 (55.2%)

13 (44.8%)

11 (31.4%)

10 (28.6%)

3 (8.6%)

14 (40%)

7 (20%)

10 (28.6%)

2 (5.7%)

3 (8.6%)

1 (2.9%)

3 (8.6%)

15 (42.9%)

20 (57.1%)

12 (34.3%)

Investigations

Hemoglobin (g/dl)

WBCs (10³/L)

CRP (mg/dl)

ESR (mm/hr)

Creatinine (mg/dl)

C3 (mg/dl)

C4 (mg/dl)

ANA

dsDNA titers

24 h. urine protein (mg/day)

Hematuria (cells/HPF)

11.6 (7.5–13.5)

8 (3.8–12)

2 (0–45)

35 (20–75)

0.6 (0.3–1.2)

90 (51–204)

10 (8–20)

5.5 (0–15)

1.1 (0–4)

350 (150–2700)

3 (1–60)

11 (7.2–14)

5 (3.1–12)

3(0–80)

35 (7-119)

0.8 (0.4–2.2)

100 (40–140)

12 (6–28)

2 (0-10.7)

1 (0–8)

540 (58-6500)

5 (0–20)

Treatment

Steroid dose mg/d median(min-max)

20 (5–45)

20 (2.5–60)

HCQ no (%)

Dose: 200 mg/d

400 mg/d

29 (100%)

29 (100%)

31 (88.6%)

5 (16.1%)

26 (83.9%)

MMF dose

1000 mg/d

1250 mg/d

1500 mg/d

2000 mg/d

25 (86.2%)

0 (0%)

1 (3.4%)

3 (10.3%)

9 (25.7%)

1 (2.9%)

8 (22.9%)

17 (48.5%)

MPA trough level (µg/mL)

0.7 (0.27–8.79)

0.83 (0.15–5.86)

MMF side effects N (%)

Gastritis

Leucopenia

Infection

8 (27.6%)

1 (3.4%)

1 (3.4%)

10 (28.6%)

6 (17.1%)

4 (11.4%)

SLEDAI median (min-max)

5 (0–22)

9 (0–30)